Coking is a refinery process that produces 19% of finished …

Coking is a refinery unit operation that upgrades material called bottoms from the atmospheric or vacuum distillation column into higher-value products and, as the name …

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Reliability Ranking and Life Extension of Coke Drums

•Coke Drums are batch operated, the reliability and profitability are heavily influenced by how they are operated every day. •US coker operation today is heavily influenced by "opportunity" …

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Physical and chemical properties of metallurgical coke and its

Coke properties typically encompass particle size, strength, and chemical composition. The primary indicators of coke quality are particle size, mechanical strength …

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What is the hardness of graphite petroleum coke carburizer?

Petroleum coke is a by - product of the oil refining process. It has a more complex structure and generally a higher hardness compared to pure graphite. The combination of graphite and …

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Anti-coking Solution for DCU Fired Heater Tubes

The hardness and elasticity properties of the tubes can be improved by modifying the structure and composition of the ceramic compounds and process conditions. The hardness of …

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Coking 101 An Introduction to Delayed Coking

VII. Coke Drum Cutting, Coke Handling 20 As the coke is 'cut' by the high pressure water nozzle, the coke and water flow onto a Coke Pad or into the Coke Pit, where the water is separated …

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DCU Coking, Fouling, Corrosion, Erosion

• Coke laydown is time and temperature related; higher temperature, higher fouling Resid transfer piping at 325 - 550⁰F (163 - 260⁰) has low fouling (coke laydown) rates ... • Silicate catalyst is a …

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Structure and calcination characteristics of green coke in different

Green coke contains a high content of volatile matter and moisture, has low hardness, and is easily crushed. Only by calcination can its physical and chemical indicators …

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Strength Evaluation of Coke Structure by Hardness Test

Hardness of coke texture and elemental structure including coke matrix and pore was measured by micro Vickers test and Brinel test respectively. Vickers hardness of coke depends only on …

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Analysis and Characterization of High-Volatile Petroleum Coke

A high percentage of the coke produced by the Homs Oil Refinery is, however, in the form of high volatile coke, which is characterised in general by its high volatile matter and low sulphur …

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Refining Community | » Maximizing Delayed Coker …

There are three key variables in maximizing refinery profitability for non-catalytic process units: Optimizing gas oil and atmospheric tower bottoms steam stripping, to recover diesel. Minimizing vacuum tower flash zone pressure, to …

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STUDY ON PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF …

Petroleum coke (green and calcined) is produced by the high pressure thermal decomposition of heavy petroleum process streams and residues. Green coke undergoes additional thermal …

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Analysis and Characterization of High-Volatile Petroleum Coke

correlate well with the expected hardness and particle strength of the coke. In general, the lower the green coke volatile level, the harder is the coke and the more anisotropic. As isotropic …

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China Sinopec

The standards apply to both imported and domestic petroleum coke, which are used as common-power graphite electrodes, carbon raw materials and fuels for aluminum, etc. Needle-shaped …

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COMPREHENSIVE LIFE ASSESSMENT OF A COKE …

We created a database of the coke drum temperatures recorded at 30 seconds interval, which may be used in subsequent analysis. 2. We performed the analysis of the temperature …

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PetCoke & Fuel Testing Lab | McCreath Laboratories

Sponge Petroleum Coke Quality. Sponge petcoke produced from low grade crude oil contains higher levels of sulphur and heavy metals and is mainly used a solid fuel for power generation, …

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hardness coke

Brinel hardness test was accompanied by the destruction of coke structure. The hardness was thought to stand for the resistance against destruction. Therefore strength of coke matrix is …

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Petroleum coke, Petcoke classifications — DYM …

The quality of petroleum coke varies depending on its chemical properties, including sulfur, ash, and metal content, as well as its physical properties, such as structure, hardness, and size. Importantly, the quality of the petcoke produced …

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Blast Furnace Coke Hardness

Coke is the ideal blast-furnace fuel because it is strong and hard enough to resist the crushing and grinding effects of the furnace burden, and its porosity allows the ready passage of gas upward through the charge, and …

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Coke Drum Improvements – Real World Reliability

Coke Drum Improvements – Real W ld R li bilitWorld Reliability • Design / SpecificationDesign / Specification - Nozzle Design Fully inspectable integrally reinforced nozzles. - Code figure UW …

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Petroleum coke – Knowledge and References – Taylor & Francis

Petroleum coke is a carbon-rich solid that is a by-product of the petroleum industry, obtained through either a batch process (delayed coking) or a continuous process (fluid coking) of …

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(PDF) Calcinations of Petroleum coke

The quality of calcined petroleum coke used in primary aluminum production is affected by each of the refining and calcining processes including choice of crude, many of the …

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Leakage Investigation on a Fired Heater Tube of a Petroleum Refinery

The fired heater of a petroleum refinery had been experiencing failure on one of its convection tubes after it had been in service for more than 20 years.

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What is Petroleum Coke or Petcoke? Its Types, …

2. Composition: Petroleum Coke: Petcoke is composed mainly of carbon, with varying amounts of hydrogen, sulfur, nitrogen, and other elements. It also contains trace amounts of metals like vanadium and nickel. Coal: Coal is …

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Tutorial: Delayed Coking Fundamentals

Roofing Asphalt - May require air blowing to increase hardness Fuel Oil - Burner and slow RPM marine diesel HISTORY OF THE DELAYED COKING PROCESS "Petroleum coke was first …

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Unique antifouling technology for refinery key process units, …

The hardness of Tubacex's coated tubes is four times higher, while allowing for more elongation (up to 1.5%). In most refining ... Visbreaker Unit, European Refinery Problem: Coke deposition …

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Petcoke Fact Sheet

produce petcoke if they are refined in a refinery equipped with a coker, although the amount will vary. • Arab Medium will yield approximately 8 percent by weight as petcoke, while heavier …

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Solid fuels: petroleum coke, micronized petcoke.

Also know as petroleum cokepetcoke is produced through the refining of petroleum and contains a high proportion of carbon. It is a form of solid carbon produced by means of heat …

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What is a Coke Drum? (How it Works)(Fully Explained)

Skirt cracking is a common issue that can affect coke drums in oil and gas refineries. The skirt is the portion of the drum that supports it and connects it to the structure or foundation. Cracking in the skirt is often due to the high …

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CokeCuttingTech | PDF | Oil Refinery | Cracking (Chemistry)

CokeCuttingTech - Free download as PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or read online for free. Coking is a crucial refining process that converts heavy residual oils into lighter, more valuable …

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Coke drum design

In response, refiners are making their refineries flexible enough to handle the changing feedstock. These crudes are cheaper than sweet crudes due to their limited processing capacity. ...

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